diff --git a/app/controllers/tickets_controller.rb b/app/controllers/tickets_controller.rb
index 7bef119a1..3c29ae9a1 100644
--- a/app/controllers/tickets_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/tickets_controller.rb
@@ -110,32 +110,13 @@ class TicketsController < ApplicationController
   # GET /api/tickets_customer
   def ticket_customer
 
-    # get closed/open states
-    ticket_state_list_open   = Ticket::State.where(
-      :state_type_id => Ticket::StateType.where( :name => ['new','open', 'pending reminder', 'pending action'] )
-    )
-    ticket_state_list_closed = Ticket::State.where(
-      :state_type_id => Ticket::StateType.where( :name => ['closed'] )
-    )
-
-    # get tickets
-    tickets_open = Ticket.where(
-      :customer_id     => params[:customer_id],
-      :ticket_state_id => ticket_state_list_open
-    ).limit(15).order('created_at DESC')
-
-    tickets_closed = Ticket.where(
-      :customer_id     => params[:customer_id],
-      :ticket_state_id => ticket_state_list_closed
-    ).limit(15).order('created_at DESC')
-
     # return result
+    result = Ticket.list_by_customer(
+      :customer_id => params[:customer_id],
+      :limit       => 15,
+    )
     render :json => {
-      :tickets => {
-        :open   => tickets_open,
-        :closed => tickets_closed
-      }
-      # :users => users,
+      :tickets => result
     }
   end
 
@@ -212,12 +193,11 @@ class TicketsController < ApplicationController
   # GET /api/ticket_merge_list/1
   def ticket_merge_list
 
-    # get closed/open states
-    ticket_states   = Ticket::State.where(
-      :state_type_id => Ticket::StateType.where( :name => ['new','open', 'pending reminder', 'pending action', 'closed'] )
+    ticket      = Ticket.find( params[:ticket_id] )
+    ticket_list = Ticket.where(
+      :customer_id     => ticket.customer_id,
+      :ticket_state_id => Ticket::State.by_category( 'open' )
     )
-    ticket = Ticket.find( params[:ticket_id] )
-    ticket_list = Ticket.where( :customer_id => ticket.customer_id, :ticket_state_id => ticket_states )
     .where( 'id != ?', [ ticket.id ] )
     .order('created_at DESC')
     .limit(6)
diff --git a/app/controllers/translations_controller.rb b/app/controllers/translations_controller.rb
index 9f72640a5..b33b0155a 100644
--- a/app/controllers/translations_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/translations_controller.rb
@@ -5,28 +5,7 @@ class TranslationsController < ApplicationController
 
   # GET /translations/:lang
   def load
-    translations = Translation.where( :locale => params[:locale] )
-
-    list = []
-    translations.each { |item|
-      data = [
-        item.id,
-        item.source,
-        item.target,
-      ]
-      list.push data
-    }
-
-    timestamp_map_default = 'yyyy-mm-dd HH:MM'
-    timestamp_map = {
-      :de => 'dd.mm.yyyy HH:MM',
-    }
-    timestamp = timestamp_map[ params[:locale].to_sym ] || timestamp_map_default
-
-    render :json => {
-      :list            => list,
-      :timestampFormat => timestamp,
-    }
+    render :json => Translation.list( params[:locale] )
   end
 
   # GET /translations
@@ -53,4 +32,4 @@ class TranslationsController < ApplicationController
   def destroy
     model_destory_render(Translation, params)
   end
-end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/models/observer/ticket/user_ticket_counter.rb b/app/models/observer/ticket/user_ticket_counter.rb
index 69495aca1..e3accb90d 100644
--- a/app/models/observer/ticket/user_ticket_counter.rb
+++ b/app/models/observer/ticket/user_ticket_counter.rb
@@ -14,25 +14,17 @@ class Observer::Ticket::UserTicketCounter < ActiveRecord::Observer
     return if !record.customer_id
 
     # open ticket count
-    ticket_state_open_ids = Cache.get( 'ticket::state_ids::open' )
-    if !ticket_state_open_ids
-      ticket_state_open_ids = self.state_ids( ['new','open', 'pending reminder', 'pending action'] )
-      Cache.write( 'ticket::state_ids::open', ticket_state_open_ids, { :expires_in => 1.hour } )
-    end
-    tickets_open = Ticket.where(
+    ticket_state_open = Ticket::State.by_category( 'open' )
+    tickets_open      = Ticket.where(
       :customer_id     => record.customer_id,
-      :ticket_state_id => ticket_state_open_ids,
+      :ticket_state_id => ticket_state_open,
     ).count()
 
     # closed ticket count
-    ticket_state_closed_ids = Cache.get( 'ticket::state_ids::closed' )
-    if !ticket_state_closed_ids
-      ticket_state_closed_ids = self.state_ids( ['closed'] )
-      Cache.write( 'ticket::state_ids::closed', ticket_state_closed_ids, { :expires_in => 1.hour } )
-    end
-    tickets_closed = Ticket.where(
+    ticket_state_closed = Ticket::State.by_category( 'closed' )
+    tickets_closed      = Ticket.where(
       :customer_id     => record.customer_id,
-      :ticket_state_id => ticket_state_closed_ids,
+      :ticket_state_id => ticket_state_closed,
     ).count()
 
     # check if update is needed
@@ -51,17 +43,5 @@ class Observer::Ticket::UserTicketCounter < ActiveRecord::Observer
     end
   end
 
-  def state_ids(ticket_state_types)
-    ticket_state_types = Ticket::StateType.where(
-        :name => ticket_state_types,
-    )
-    ticket_states = Ticket::State.where( :state_type_id => ticket_state_types )
-    ticket_state_ids = []
-    ticket_states.each {|ticket_state|
-      ticket_state_ids.push ticket_state.id
-    }
-    ticket_state_ids
-  end
-
 end
 
diff --git a/app/models/observer/user/geo.rb b/app/models/observer/user/geo.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d6053204
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/models/observer/user/geo.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
+
+class Observer::User::Geo < ActiveRecord::Observer
+  observe 'user'
+
+  def before_create(record)
+    check_geo(record)
+  end
+  def before_update(record)
+    check_geo(record)
+  end
+
+  # check if geo need to be updated
+  def check_geo(record)
+
+    location = ['street', 'zip', 'city', 'country']
+
+    # check if geo update is needed based on old/new location
+    if record.id
+      current = User.where( :id => record.id ).first
+	  return if !current
+
+      current_location = {}
+      location.each { |item|
+        current_location[item] = current[item]
+      }
+    end
+
+    # get full address
+    next_location = {}
+    location.each { |item|
+      next_location[item] = record[item]
+    }
+
+    # return if address hasn't changed and geo data is already available
+    return if ( current_location == next_location ) && record.preferences['lat'] && record.preferences['lng']
+
+    # geo update
+    self.geo_update(record)
+  end
+
+
+  # update geo data of user
+  def geo_update(record)
+    address = ''
+    location = ['street', 'zip', 'city', 'country']
+    location.each { |item|
+      if record[item] && record[item] != ''
+        address = address + ',' + record[item]
+      end
+    }
+
+    # return if no address is given
+    return if address == ''
+
+    # load adapter
+    adapter = Setting.get('geo_backend')
+    return if !adapter
+    adapter_module = Object.const_get(adapter)
+
+    # db lookup
+    latlng = adapter_module.geocode(address)
+    return if !latlng
+
+    # store data
+    record.preferences['lat'] = latlng[0]
+    record.preferences['lng'] = latlng[1]
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/models/ticket.rb b/app/models/ticket.rb
index 0ea4101be..2b29a0611 100644
--- a/app/models/ticket.rb
+++ b/app/models/ticket.rb
@@ -520,11 +520,8 @@ class Ticket < ApplicationModel
   end
 
   def self.escalation_calculation_rebuild
-    ticket_state_list_open   = Ticket::State.where(
-      :state_type_id => Ticket::StateType.where(
-        :name => ['new','open', 'pending reminder', 'pending action']
-      )
-    )
+    ticket_state_list_open = Ticket::State.by_category( 'open' )
+
     tickets = Ticket.where( :ticket_state_id => ticket_state_list_open )
     tickets.each {|ticket|
       ticket.escalation_calculation
@@ -580,10 +577,8 @@ class Ticket < ApplicationModel
   def escalation_calculation
 
     # set escalation off if ticket is already closed
-    ticket_state      = Ticket::State.lookup( :id => self.ticket_state_id )
-    ticket_state_type = Ticket::StateType.lookup( :id => ticket_state.state_type_id )
-    ignore_escalation = ['removed', 'closed', 'merged', 'pending action']
-    if ignore_escalation.include?( ticket_state_type.name )
+    ticket_state = Ticket::State.lookup( :id => self.ticket_state_id )
+    if ticket_state.ignore_escalation?
       self.escalation_time            = nil
       #      self.first_response_escal_date  = nil
       #      self.close_time_escal_date      = nil
@@ -693,6 +688,47 @@ class Ticket < ApplicationModel
     self.save
   end
 
+=begin
+
+list tickets by customer groupd in state categroie open and closed
+
+  result = Ticket.list_by_customer(
+    :customer_id     => 123,
+    :limit           => 15, # optional, default 15
+  )
+
+returns
+
+  result = {
+    :open   => tickets_open,
+    :closed => tickets_closed,
+  }
+
+=end
+
+  def self.list_by_customer(data)
+
+    # get closed/open states
+    ticket_state_list_open   = Ticket::State.by_category( 'open' )
+    ticket_state_list_closed = Ticket::State.by_category( 'closed' )
+
+    # get tickets
+    tickets_open = Ticket.where(
+      :customer_id     => data[:customer_id],
+      :ticket_state_id => ticket_state_list_open
+    ).limit( data[:limit] || 15 ).order('created_at DESC')
+
+    tickets_closed = Ticket.where(
+      :customer_id     => data[:customer_id],
+      :ticket_state_id => ticket_state_list_closed
+    ).limit( data[:limit] || 15 ).order('created_at DESC')
+
+    return {
+      :open   => tickets_open,
+      :closed => tickets_closed,
+    }
+  end
+
   private
 
   def number_generate
diff --git a/app/models/ticket/state.rb b/app/models/ticket/state.rb
index 6ab1aef3d..258ef5150 100644
--- a/app/models/ticket/state.rb
+++ b/app/models/ticket/state.rb
@@ -3,4 +3,49 @@
 class Ticket::State < ApplicationModel
   belongs_to    :state_type,        :class_name => 'Ticket::StateType'
   validates     :name, :presence => true
+
+=begin
+
+list tickets by customer
+
+  states = Ticket::State.by_category('open') # open|closed
+
+returns:
+
+  state objects
+
+=end
+
+  def self.by_category(category)
+    if category == 'open'
+      return Ticket::State.where(
+        :state_type_id => Ticket::StateType.where( :name => ['new', 'open', 'pending reminder', 'pending action'] )
+      )
+    elsif category == 'closed'
+  	  return Ticket::State.where(
+        :state_type_id => Ticket::StateType.where( :name => ['closed'] )
+      )
+  	end
+    raise "Unknown category '#{category}'"
+  end
+
+=begin
+
+check if state is ignored for escalation
+
+  ticket_state = Ticket::State.lookup( :name => 'state name' )
+
+  result = ticket_state.ignore_escalation?
+
+returns:
+
+  true/false
+
+=end
+
+  def ignore_escalation?
+  	ignore_escalation = ['removed', 'closed', 'merged']
+    return true if ignore_escalation.include?( self.name )
+    return false
+  end
 end
diff --git a/app/models/translation.rb b/app/models/translation.rb
index b62a195bd..62f661c3c 100644
--- a/app/models/translation.rb
+++ b/app/models/translation.rb
@@ -3,6 +3,29 @@
 class Translation < ApplicationModel
   before_create :set_initial
 
+  def self.list(locale)
+    translations = Translation.where( :locale => locale )
+    list = []
+    translations.each { |item|
+      data = [
+        item.id,
+        item.source,
+        item.target,
+      ]
+      list.push data
+    }
+
+    timestamp_map_default = 'yyyy-mm-dd HH:MM'
+    timestamp_map = {
+      :de => 'dd.mm.yyyy HH:MM',
+    }
+    timestamp = timestamp_map[ locale.to_sym ] || timestamp_map_default
+    return {
+      :list            => list,
+      :timestampFormat => timestamp,
+    }
+  end
+
   def self.translate(locale, string)
 
     # translate string
diff --git a/app/models/user.rb b/app/models/user.rb
index e5121b29a..393e47d7a 100644
--- a/app/models/user.rb
+++ b/app/models/user.rb
@@ -4,10 +4,8 @@ require 'digest/sha2'
 require 'organization'
 
 class User < ApplicationModel
-  include Gmaps
-
-  before_create   :check_name, :check_email, :check_login, :check_image, :check_geo, :check_password
-  before_update   :check_password, :check_image, :check_geo, :check_email, :check_login_update
+  before_create   :check_name, :check_email, :check_login, :check_image, :check_password
+  before_update   :check_password, :check_image, :check_email, :check_login_update
   after_create    :notify_clients_after_create
   after_update    :notify_clients_after_update
   after_destroy   :notify_clients_after_destroy
@@ -380,73 +378,12 @@ class User < ApplicationModel
     return user
   end
 
-  # update all users geo data
-  def self.geo_update_all
-    User.all.each { |user|
-      user.geo_update
-      user.save
-    }
-  end
-
-  # update geo data of one user
-  def geo_update
-    address = ''
-    location = ['street', 'zip', 'city', 'country']
-    location.each { |item|
-      if self[item] && self[item] != ''
-        address = address + ',' + self[item]
-      end
-    }
-
-    # return if no address is given
-    return if address == ''
-
-    # dp lookup
-    latlng = Gmaps.geocode(address)
-    if latlng
-      self.preferences['lat'] = latlng[0]
-      self.preferences['lng'] = latlng[1]
-    end
-  end
-
   def update_last_login
     self.last_login = Time.now
     self.save
   end
 
   private
-  def check_geo
-
-    # geo update if no user exists
-    if !self.id
-      self.geo_update
-      return
-    end
-
-    location = ['street', 'zip', 'city', 'country']
-
-    # get current user data
-    current = User.where( :id => self.id ).first
-    return if !current
-
-    # check if geo update is needed
-    current_location = {}
-    location.each { |item|
-      current_location[item] = current[item]
-    }
-
-    # get full address
-    next_location = {}
-    location.each { |item|
-      next_location[item] = self[item]
-    }
-
-    # return if address hasn't changed and geo data is already available
-    return if ( current_location == next_location ) && ( self.preferences['lat'] && self.preferences['lng'] )
-
-    # geo update
-    self.geo_update
-  end
 
   def check_name
 
diff --git a/config/application.rb b/config/application.rb
index 83aacad44..5054a5295 100644
--- a/config/application.rb
+++ b/config/application.rb
@@ -40,9 +40,11 @@ module Zammad
       'observer::_ticket::_article::_communicate_facebook',
       'observer::_ticket::_article::_communicate_twitter',
       'observer::_ticket::_notification',
-      'observer::_tag::_ticket_history',
       'observer::_ticket::_reset_new_state',
-      'observer::_ticket::_escalation_calculation'
+      'observer::_ticket::_escalation_calculation',
+      'observer::_tag::_ticket_history',
+      'observer::_user::_geo'
+
 
     # The default locale is :en and all translations from config/locales/*.rb,yml are auto loaded.
     # config.i18n.load_path += Dir[Rails.root.join('my', 'locales', '*.{rb,yml}').to_s]
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130806000001_update_geo.rb b/db/migrate/20130806000001_update_geo.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dd3bad9ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/migrate/20130806000001_update_geo.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+class UpdateGeo < ActiveRecord::Migration
+  def up
+    Setting.create_if_not_exists(
+      :title       => 'Geo Location Backend',
+      :name        => 'geo_backend',
+      :area        => 'System::Geo',
+      :description => 'Defines the backend for geo location lookups.',
+      :options     => {
+        :form => [
+          {
+            :display  => '',
+            :null     => true,
+            :name     => 'geo_backend', 
+            :tag      => 'select',
+            :options  => {
+              '' => '-',
+              'Gmaps' => 'Google Maps',
+            },
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+      :state    => 'Gmaps',
+      :frontend => true
+    )
+  end
+  def down
+  end
+end
+
diff --git a/db/seeds.rb b/db/seeds.rb
index 7590c9a42..ed4f5e25b 100644
--- a/db/seeds.rb
+++ b/db/seeds.rb
@@ -133,7 +133,28 @@ Setting.create_if_not_exists(
   :state       => 'DB',
   :frontend    => false
 )
-
+Setting.create_if_not_exists(
+  :title       => 'Geo Location Backend',
+  :name        => 'geo_backend',
+  :area        => 'System::Geo',
+  :description => 'Defines the backend for geo location lookups.',
+  :options     => {
+    :form => [
+      {
+        :display  => '',
+        :null     => true,
+        :name     => 'geo_backend', 
+        :tag      => 'select',
+        :options  => {
+          '' => '-',
+          'Gmaps' => 'Google Maps',
+        },
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  :state    => 'Gmaps',
+  :frontend => true
+)
 
 Setting.create_if_not_exists(
   :title       => 'New User Accounts',