Maintenance: Updated to Rails 6.0.4 and the new Zeitwerk autoloader.

This changes the minimum supported version of PostgreSQL to 9.3.

.gitlab-ci.yml

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ variables:
 # as a key for the cache to avoid cache growth and incompatibilities between
 # the gems. Search hook: 2.6.6 (change it when updating the Ruby version too)
 cache:
-  key: "centos7ruby266"
+  key: "centos7ruby266rails6"
   paths:
     - vendor/ruby
     # ATTENTION: This should be a dedicated cache only used in the job "TODO".

.gitlab/ci/pre.yml

@@ -21,6 +21,17 @@ shellcheck:
   script:
     - shellcheck -S warning $(find . -name "*.sh" -o -name "functions" | grep -v "/vendor/")
 
+zeitwerk_check:
+  <<: *template_pre
+  extends:
+    - .tags_docker
+    - .services_postgresql
+  script:
+    - bundle install -j $(nproc) --path vendor
+    - bundle exec ruby script/build/database_config.rb
+    - bundle exec rake zammad:db:init
+    - bundle exec rails zeitwerk:check
+
 coffeelint:
   <<: *template_pre
   script:

.rubocop/default.yml

@@ -15,9 +15,7 @@ AllCops:
   NewCops: enable
   DisplayCopNames: true
   Exclude:
-    - 'bin/rails'
+    - 'bin/*'
-    - 'bin/rake'
-    - 'bin/spring'
     - 'db/schema.rb'
     - 'vendor/**/*'
     - 'node_modules/**/*'

.rubocop/todo.yml

@@ -61,8 +61,6 @@ Metrics/AbcSize:
     - 'app/controllers/recent_view_controller.rb'
     - 'app/controllers/reports_controller.rb'
     - 'app/controllers/search_controller.rb'
-    - 'app/controllers/sessions/collection_base.rb'
-    - 'app/controllers/sessions/collection_ticket.rb'
     - 'app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb'
     - 'app/controllers/settings_controller.rb'
     - 'app/controllers/text_modules_controller.rb'
@@ -321,6 +319,8 @@ Metrics/AbcSize:
     - 'lib/service/geo_calendar/zammad.rb'
     - 'lib/service/geo_ip/zammad.rb'
     - 'lib/service/geo_location/gmaps.rb'
+    - 'lib/session_helper/collection_base.rb'
+    - 'lib/session_helper/collection_ticket.rb'
     - 'lib/sessions.rb'
     - 'lib/sessions/backend/activity_stream.rb'
     - 'lib/sessions/backend/base.rb'
@@ -478,8 +478,6 @@ Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity:
     - 'app/controllers/organizations_controller.rb'
     - 'app/controllers/reports_controller.rb'
     - 'app/controllers/search_controller.rb'
-    - 'app/controllers/sessions/collection_base.rb'
-    - 'app/controllers/sessions/collection_ticket.rb'
     - 'app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb'
     - 'app/controllers/ticket_articles_controller.rb'
     - 'app/controllers/tickets_controller.rb'
@@ -638,6 +636,8 @@ Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity:
     - 'lib/secure_mailing/smime/incoming.rb'
     - 'lib/sequencer/unit/import/zendesk/sub_sequence/base.rb'
     - 'lib/service/geo_ip/zammad.rb'
+    - 'lib/session_helper/collection_base.rb'
+    - 'lib/session_helper/collection_ticket.rb'
     - 'lib/sessions.rb'
     - 'lib/sessions/backend/activity_stream.rb'
     - 'lib/sessions/backend/ticket_overview_list.rb'
@@ -715,8 +715,6 @@ Metrics/PerceivedComplexity:
     - 'app/controllers/organizations_controller.rb'
     - 'app/controllers/reports_controller.rb'
     - 'app/controllers/search_controller.rb'
-    - 'app/controllers/sessions/collection_base.rb'
-    - 'app/controllers/sessions/collection_ticket.rb'
     - 'app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb'
     - 'app/controllers/ticket_articles_controller.rb'
     - 'app/controllers/tickets_controller.rb'
@@ -865,6 +863,8 @@ Metrics/PerceivedComplexity:
     - 'lib/search_index_backend.rb'
     - 'lib/secure_mailing/smime/incoming.rb'
     - 'lib/service/geo_ip/zammad.rb'
+    - 'lib/session_helper/collection_base.rb'
+    - 'lib/session_helper/collection_ticket.rb'
     - 'lib/sessions.rb'
     - 'lib/sessions/backend/activity_stream.rb'
     - 'lib/sessions/backend/ticket_overview_list.rb'

Gemfile

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ source 'https://rubygems.org'
 
 # core - base
 ruby '2.6.6'
-gem 'rails', '5.2.4.6'
+gem 'rails', '6.0.4'
 
 # core - rails additions
 gem 'activerecord-import'

Gemfile.lock

@@ -49,41 +49,53 @@ GEM
   specs:
     aasm (5.0.0)
       concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
-    actioncable (5.2.4.6)
+    actioncable (6.0.4)
-      actionpack (= 5.2.4.6)
+      actionpack (= 6.0.4)
       nio4r (~> 2.0)
       websocket-driver (>= 0.6.1)
-    actionmailer (5.2.4.6)
+    actionmailbox (6.0.4)
-      actionpack (= 5.2.4.6)
+      actionpack (= 6.0.4)
-      actionview (= 5.2.4.6)
+      activejob (= 6.0.4)
-      activejob (= 5.2.4.6)
+      activerecord (= 6.0.4)
+      activestorage (= 6.0.4)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.4)
+      mail (>= 2.7.1)
+    actionmailer (6.0.4)
+      actionpack (= 6.0.4)
+      actionview (= 6.0.4)
+      activejob (= 6.0.4)
       mail (~> 2.5, >= 2.5.4)
       rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
-    actionpack (5.2.4.6)
+    actionpack (6.0.4)
-      actionview (= 5.2.4.6)
+      actionview (= 6.0.4)
-      activesupport (= 5.2.4.6)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.4)
       rack (~> 2.0, >= 2.0.8)
       rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
       rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
-      rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
+      rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.2.0)
-    actionview (5.2.4.6)
+    actiontext (6.0.4)
-      activesupport (= 5.2.4.6)
+      actionpack (= 6.0.4)
+      activerecord (= 6.0.4)
+      activestorage (= 6.0.4)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.4)
+      nokogiri (>= 1.8.5)
+    actionview (6.0.4)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.4)
       builder (~> 3.1)
       erubi (~> 1.4)
       rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
-      rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.3)
+      rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.1, >= 1.2.0)
-    activejob (5.2.4.6)
+    activejob (6.0.4)
-      activesupport (= 5.2.4.6)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.4)
       globalid (>= 0.3.6)
-    activemodel (5.2.4.6)
+    activemodel (6.0.4)
-      activesupport (= 5.2.4.6)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.4)
-    activerecord (5.2.4.6)
+    activerecord (6.0.4)
-      activemodel (= 5.2.4.6)
+      activemodel (= 6.0.4)
-      activesupport (= 5.2.4.6)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.4)
-      arel (>= 9.0)
+    activerecord-import (1.0.5)
-    activerecord-import (1.0.2)
       activerecord (>= 3.2)
-    activerecord-nulldb-adapter (0.3.9)
+    activerecord-nulldb-adapter (0.4.0)
       activerecord (>= 2.0.0)
     activerecord-session_store (2.0.0)
       actionpack (>= 5.2.4.1)
@@ -91,20 +103,21 @@ GEM
       multi_json (~> 1.11, >= 1.11.2)
       rack (>= 2.0.8, < 3)
       railties (>= 5.2.4.1)
-    activestorage (5.2.4.6)
+    activestorage (6.0.4)
-      actionpack (= 5.2.4.6)
+      actionpack (= 6.0.4)
-      activerecord (= 5.2.4.6)
+      activejob (= 6.0.4)
-      marcel (~> 0.3.1)
+      activerecord (= 6.0.4)
-    activesupport (5.2.4.6)
+      marcel (~> 1.0.0)
+    activesupport (6.0.4)
       concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
       i18n (>= 0.7, < 2)
       minitest (~> 5.1)
       tzinfo (~> 1.1)
-    acts_as_list (0.9.19)
+      zeitwerk (~> 2.2, >= 2.2.2)
-      activerecord (>= 3.0)
+    acts_as_list (1.0.1)
+      activerecord (>= 4.2)
     addressable (2.5.2)
       public_suffix (>= 2.0.2, < 4.0)
-    arel (9.0.0)
     argon2 (2.0.2)
       ffi (~> 1.9)
       ffi-compiler (>= 0.1)
@@ -137,9 +150,9 @@ GEM
     clearbit (0.2.8)
       nestful (~> 1.1.0)
     coderay (1.1.2)
-    coffee-rails (4.2.2)
+    coffee-rails (5.0.0)
       coffee-script (>= 2.2.0)
-      railties (>= 4.0.0)
+      railties (>= 5.2.0)
     coffee-script (2.4.1)
       coffee-script-source
       execjs
@@ -148,9 +161,9 @@ GEM
       coffee-script
       execjs
       json
-    composite_primary_keys (11.2.0)
+    composite_primary_keys (12.0.2)
-      activerecord (~> 5.2.1)
+      activerecord (~> 6.0.0)
-    concurrent-ruby (1.1.8)
+    concurrent-ruby (1.1.9)
     coveralls (0.8.23)
       json (>= 1.8, < 3)
       simplecov (~> 0.16.1)
@@ -163,10 +176,10 @@ GEM
     daemons (1.3.1)
     dalli (2.7.10)
     debug_inspector (0.0.3)
-    delayed_job (4.1.7)
+    delayed_job (4.1.8)
-      activesupport (>= 3.0, < 5.3)
+      activesupport (>= 3.0, < 6.1)
-    delayed_job_active_record (4.1.3)
+    delayed_job_active_record (4.1.4)
-      activerecord (>= 3.0, < 5.3)
+      activerecord (>= 3.0, < 6.1)
       delayed_job (>= 3.0, < 5)
     deprecation_toolkit (1.4.0)
       activesupport (>= 4.2)
@@ -275,23 +288,19 @@ GEM
     logging (2.2.2)
       little-plugger (~> 1.1)
       multi_json (~> 1.10)
-    loofah (2.9.1)
+    loofah (2.10.0)
       crass (~> 1.0.2)
       nokogiri (>= 1.5.9)
     lumberjack (1.0.13)
-    marcel (0.3.3)
+    marcel (1.0.1)
-      mimemagic (~> 0.3.2)
     memoizable (0.4.2)
       thread_safe (~> 0.3, >= 0.3.1)
     method_source (0.9.2)
     mime-types (3.2.2)
       mime-types-data (~> 3.2015)
     mime-types-data (3.2019.0331)
-    mimemagic (0.3.10)
-      nokogiri (~> 1)
-      rake
     mini_mime (1.1.0)
-    mini_portile2 (2.5.1)
+    mini_portile2 (2.5.3)
     mini_racer (0.2.9)
       libv8 (>= 6.9.411)
     minitest (5.14.4)
@@ -306,7 +315,7 @@ GEM
     net-ldap (0.16.1)
     netrc (0.11.0)
     nio4r (2.5.7)
-    nokogiri (1.11.5)
+    nokogiri (1.11.7)
       mini_portile2 (~> 2.5.0)
       racc (~> 1.4)
     nori (2.6.0)
@@ -396,18 +405,20 @@ GEM
       rack
     rack-test (1.1.0)
       rack (>= 1.0, < 3)
-    rails (5.2.4.6)
+    rails (6.0.4)
-      actioncable (= 5.2.4.6)
+      actioncable (= 6.0.4)
-      actionmailer (= 5.2.4.6)
+      actionmailbox (= 6.0.4)
-      actionpack (= 5.2.4.6)
+      actionmailer (= 6.0.4)
-      actionview (= 5.2.4.6)
+      actionpack (= 6.0.4)
-      activejob (= 5.2.4.6)
+      actiontext (= 6.0.4)
-      activemodel (= 5.2.4.6)
+      actionview (= 6.0.4)
-      activerecord (= 5.2.4.6)
+      activejob (= 6.0.4)
-      activestorage (= 5.2.4.6)
+      activemodel (= 6.0.4)
-      activesupport (= 5.2.4.6)
+      activerecord (= 6.0.4)
+      activestorage (= 6.0.4)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.4)
       bundler (>= 1.3.0)
-      railties (= 5.2.4.6)
+      railties (= 6.0.4)
       sprockets-rails (>= 2.0.0)
     rails-controller-testing (1.0.4)
       actionpack (>= 5.0.1.x)
@@ -418,12 +429,12 @@ GEM
       nokogiri (>= 1.6)
     rails-html-sanitizer (1.3.0)
       loofah (~> 2.3)
-    railties (5.2.4.6)
+    railties (6.0.4)
-      actionpack (= 5.2.4.6)
+      actionpack (= 6.0.4)
-      activesupport (= 5.2.4.6)
+      activesupport (= 6.0.4)
       method_source
       rake (>= 0.8.7)
-      thor (>= 0.19.0, < 2.0)
+      thor (>= 0.20.3, < 2.0)
     rainbow (3.0.0)
     raindrops (0.19.0)
     rake (12.3.3)
@@ -562,12 +573,13 @@ GEM
       addressable (>= 2.3.6)
       crack (>= 0.3.2)
       hashdiff
-    websocket-driver (0.7.3)
+    websocket-driver (0.7.5)
       websocket-extensions (>= 0.1.0)
     websocket-extensions (0.1.5)
     writeexcel (1.0.5)
     xpath (3.2.0)
       nokogiri (~> 1.8)
+    zeitwerk (2.4.2)
     zendesk_api (1.19.0)
       faraday (~> 0.9)
       hashie (>= 3.5.2, < 4.0.0)
@@ -650,7 +662,7 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   pundit
   pundit-matchers
   rack-livereload
-  rails (= 5.2.4.6)
+  rails (= 6.0.4)
   rails-controller-testing
   rb-fsevent
   rchardet (>= 1.8.0)

app/controllers/channels_sms_controller.rb

@@ -98,7 +98,6 @@ class ChannelsSmsController < ApplicationController
     list = []
     Dir.glob(Rails.root.join('app/models/channel/driver/sms/*.rb')).each do |path|
       filename = File.basename(path)
-      require_dependency "channel/driver/sms/#{filename.sub('.rb', '')}"
       list.push Channel.driver_class("sms/#{filename}").definition
     end
     list

app/controllers/channels_twitter_controller.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'channel/driver/twitter'
-
 class ChannelsTwitterController < ApplicationController
   prepend_before_action -> { authentication_check && authorize! }, except: %i[webhook_incoming webhook_verify]
   skip_before_action :verify_csrf_token, only: %i[webhook_incoming webhook_verify]

app/controllers/integration/ldap_controller.rb

@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'ldap'
-require_dependency 'ldap/user'
-require_dependency 'ldap/group'
-
 class Integration::LdapController < ApplicationController
   include Integration::ImportJobBase
 

app/controllers/search_controller.rb

@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@ class SearchController < ApplicationController
       if objects_with_direct_search_index.present?
         items = SearchIndexBackend.search(query, objects_with_direct_search_index, limit: limit)
         items.each do |item|
-          require_dependency item[:type].to_filename
           local_class = item[:type].constantize
           record = local_class.lookup(id: item[:id])
           next if !record

app/jobs/application_job.rb

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ class ApplicationJob < ActiveJob::Base
   include ApplicationJob::HasQueuingPriority
   include ApplicationJob::HasCustomLogging
 
+  ActiveJob::Logging::LogSubscriber.detach_from :active_job
+
   # Automatically retry jobs that encountered a deadlock
   # retry_on ActiveRecord::Deadlocked
 

app/jobs/migrate_ldap_samaccountname_to_uid_job.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'ldap'
-require_dependency 'ldap/user'
-
 class MigrateLdapSamaccountnameToUidJob < ApplicationJob
 
   def perform

app/models/application_model/can_assets.rb

@@ -158,7 +158,6 @@ get assets of object list
 
     def assets_of_object_list(list, assets = {})
       list.each do |item|
-        require_dependency item['object'].to_filename
         record = item['object'].constantize.lookup(id: item['o_id'])
         next if record.blank?
 

app/models/application_model/can_latest_change.rb

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ returns
       return updated_at if updated_at
 
       # if we do not have it cached, do lookup
-      updated_at = order(updated_at: :desc).limit(1).pluck(:updated_at).first
+      updated_at = order(updated_at: :desc).limit(1).pick(:updated_at)
 
       return if !updated_at
 

app/models/authorization.rb

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ class Authorization < ApplicationModel
   after_update  :delete_user_cache
   after_destroy :delete_user_cache
   validates     :user_id,  presence: true
-  validates     :uid,      presence: true, uniqueness: { scope: :provider }
+  validates     :uid,      presence: true, uniqueness: { case_sensitive: true, scope: :provider }
   validates     :provider, presence: true
 
   def self.find_from_hash(hash)

app/models/channel.rb

@@ -315,12 +315,6 @@ load channel driver and return class
 =end
 
   def self.driver_class(adapter)
-    # we need to require each channel backend individually otherwise we get a
-    # 'warning: toplevel constant Twitter referenced by Channel::Driver::Twitter' error e.g.
-    # so we have to convert the channel name to the filename via Rails String.underscore
-    # http://stem.ps/rails/2015/01/25/ruby-gotcha-toplevel-constant-referenced-by.html
-    require_dependency "channel/driver/#{adapter.to_filename}"
-
     "::Channel::Driver::#{adapter.to_classname}".constantize
   end
 

app/models/channel/driver/sms/twilio.rb

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class Channel::Driver::Sms::Twilio
           body: attr[:message],
         )
 
-        raise result.error_message if result.error_code.positive?
+        raise result.error_message if result&.error_code&.positive?
       end
 
       true

app/models/channel/driver/twitter.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'external_credential/twitter'
-
 class Channel::Driver::Twitter
 
 =begin

app/models/concerns/has_groups.rb

@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ module HasGroups
   # @return [Hash<String=>String,Array<String>>] The given map
   def group_names_access_map=(name_access_map)
     groups_access_map_store(name_access_map) do |group_name|
-      Group.where(name: group_name).pluck(:id).first
+      Group.where(name: group_name).pick(:id)
     end
   end
 

app/models/concerns/has_ticket_create_screen_impact.rb

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ module HasTicketCreateScreenImpact
   def push_ticket_create_screen?
     return true if destroyed?
 
-    %w[id name active].any? do |attribute|
+    %w[id name active updated_at].any? do |attribute|
       saved_change_to_attribute?(attribute)
     end
   end

app/models/data_privacy_task/validation.rb

@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ class DataPrivacyTask::Validation < ActiveModel::Validator
       deletable: deletable
     ).where.not(
       id:    record.id,
+    ).where.not(
       state: 'failed'
     ).exists?
   end

app/models/external_credential.rb

@@ -35,9 +35,7 @@ class ExternalCredential < ApplicationModel
   end
 
   def self.load_backend(provider)
-    adapter = "ExternalCredential::#{provider.camelcase}"
+    "ExternalCredential::#{provider.camelcase}".constantize
-    require_dependency adapter.to_filename.to_s
-    adapter.constantize
   end
 
 end

app/models/knowledge_base/answer/translation.rb

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class KnowledgeBase::Answer::Translation < ApplicationModel
 
   validates :title,        presence: true, length: { maximum: 250 }
   validates :content,      presence: true
-  validates :kb_locale_id, uniqueness: { scope: :answer_id }
+  validates :kb_locale_id, uniqueness: { case_sensitive: true, scope: :answer_id }
 
   scope :neighbours_of, ->(translation) { joins(:answer).where(knowledge_base_answers: { category_id: translation.answer&.category_id }) }
 

app/models/knowledge_base/category/translation.rb

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ class KnowledgeBase::Category::Translation < ApplicationModel
   validates  :category,  presence: true
 
   validates :title,        presence: true
-  validates :kb_locale_id, uniqueness: { scope: :category_id }
+  validates :kb_locale_id, uniqueness: { case_sensitive: true, scope: :category_id }
 
   scope :neighbours_of, ->(translation) { joins(:category).where(knowledge_base_categories: { parent_id: translation.category&.parent_id }) }
 

app/models/knowledge_base/locale.rb

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ class KnowledgeBase::Locale < ApplicationModel
   belongs_to :knowledge_base, inverse_of: :kb_locales, touch: true
   belongs_to :system_locale, inverse_of: :knowledge_base_locales, class_name: '::Locale'
 
-  validates :primary, uniqueness: { scope: %i[system_locale_id knowledge_base_id] }, if: :primary?
+  validates :primary, uniqueness: { case_sensitive: true, scope: %i[system_locale_id knowledge_base_id] }, if: :primary?
-  validates :system_locale_id, uniqueness: { scope: :knowledge_base_id }
+  validates :system_locale_id, uniqueness: { case_sensitive: true, scope: :knowledge_base_id }
 
   has_many :knowledge_base_translations, class_name:  'KnowledgeBase::Translation',
                                          inverse_of:  :kb_locale,

app/models/knowledge_base/translation.rb

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class KnowledgeBase::Translation < ApplicationModel
   belongs_to :kb_locale,      inverse_of: :knowledge_base_translations, class_name: 'KnowledgeBase::Locale'
 
   validates :title,        presence: true, length: { maximum: 250 }
-  validates :kb_locale_id, uniqueness: { scope: :knowledge_base_id }
+  validates :kb_locale_id, uniqueness: { case_sensitive: true, scope: :knowledge_base_id }
 
   def assets(data)
     return data if assets_added_to?(data)

app/models/object_manager/attribute/validation.rb

@@ -51,7 +51,8 @@ class ObjectManager::Attribute::Validation < ActiveModel::Validator
   def sanitize_memory_cache
     @model_attributes = nil
 
-    latest_cache_key = active_attributes_in_db.cache_key
+    active_attributes = active_attributes_in_db
+    latest_cache_key = active_attributes.cache_key + active_attributes.cache_version
     return if @previous_cache_key == latest_cache_key
 
     @previous_cache_key = latest_cache_key

app/models/role.rb

@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ returns
 
   def self.with_permissions(keys)
     permission_ids = Role.permission_ids_by_name(keys)
-    Role.joins(:roles_permissions).joins(:permissions).where(
+    Role.joins(:permissions_roles).joins(:permissions).where(
       'permissions_roles.permission_id IN (?) AND roles.active = ? AND permissions.active = ?', permission_ids, true, true
     ).distinct()
   end
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ returns
 
   def with_permission?(keys)
     permission_ids = Role.permission_ids_by_name(keys)
-    return true if Role.joins(:roles_permissions).joins(:permissions).where(
+    return true if Role.joins(:permissions_roles).joins(:permissions).where(
       'roles.id = ? AND permissions_roles.permission_id IN (?) AND permissions.active = ?', id, permission_ids, true
     ).distinct().count.nonzero?
 

app/models/smime_certificate.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
 class SMIMECertificate < ApplicationModel
-  validates :fingerprint, uniqueness: true
+  validates :fingerprint, uniqueness: { case_sensitive: true }
 
   def self.parse(raw)
     OpenSSL::X509::Certificate.new(raw.gsub(%r{(?:TRUSTED\s)?(CERTIFICATE---)}, '\1'))

app/models/store.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'store/object'
-require_dependency 'store/file'
-
 class Store < ApplicationModel
   PREFERENCES_SIZE_MAX = 2400
 

app/models/ticket/calls_stats_ticket_reopen_log.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'stats/ticket_reopen'
-
 # Adds new and updated tickets to the reopen log processing.
 module Ticket::CallsStatsTicketReopenLog
   extend ActiveSupport::Concern

app/models/ticket/escalation.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'escalation'
-
 module Ticket::Escalation
   extend ActiveSupport::Concern
 

app/models/translation.rb

@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ or
       return timestamp.to_s
     end
 
-    record = Translation.where(locale: locale, source: 'timestamp', format: 'time').pluck(:target).first
+    record = Translation.where(locale: locale, source: 'timestamp', format: 'time').pick(:target)
     return timestamp.to_s if !record
 
     record.sub!('dd', format('%<day>02d', day: timestamp.day))
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ or
 
     return date.to_s if date.class != Date
 
-    record = Translation.where(locale: locale, source: 'date', format: 'time').pluck(:target).first
+    record = Translation.where(locale: locale, source: 'date', format: 'time').pick(:target)
     return date.to_s if !record
 
     record.sub!('dd', format('%<day>02d', day: date.day))

app/models/user.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'karma/user'
-
 class User < ApplicationModel
   include CanBeAuthorized
   include CanBeImported
@@ -14,7 +12,7 @@ class User < ApplicationModel
   include HasGroups
   include HasRoles
   include HasObjectManagerAttributesValidation
-  include HasTicketCreateScreenImpact
+  include ::HasTicketCreateScreenImpact
   include HasTaskbars
   include User::HasTicketCreateScreenImpact
   include User::Assets
@@ -461,7 +459,7 @@ returns
       end
       next if permission_ids.blank?
 
-      Role.joins(:roles_permissions).joins(:permissions).where('permissions_roles.permission_id IN (?) AND roles.active = ? AND permissions.active = ?', permission_ids, true, true).distinct().pluck(:id).each do |role_id|
+      Role.joins(:permissions_roles).joins(:permissions).where('permissions_roles.permission_id IN (?) AND roles.active = ? AND permissions.active = ?', permission_ids, true, true).distinct().pluck(:id).each do |role_id|
         role_ids.push role_id
       end
       total_role_ids.push role_ids
@@ -475,7 +473,7 @@ returns
       end
       condition += 'roles_users.role_id IN (?)'
     end
-    User.joins(:users_roles).where("(#{condition}) AND users.active = ?", *total_role_ids, true).distinct.order(:id)
+    User.joins(:roles_users).where("(#{condition}) AND users.active = ?", *total_role_ids, true).distinct.order(:id)
   end
 
 =begin
@@ -686,11 +684,11 @@ returns
   def self.of_role(role, group_ids = nil)
     roles_ids = Role.where(active: true, name: role).map(&:id)
     if !group_ids
-      return User.where(active: true).joins(:users_roles).where('roles_users.role_id' => roles_ids).order('users.updated_at DESC')
+      return User.where(active: true).joins(:roles_users).where('roles_users.role_id' => roles_ids).order('users.updated_at DESC')
     end
 
     User.where(active: true)
-        .joins(:users_roles)
+        .joins(:roles_users)
         .joins(:users_groups)
         .where('roles_users.role_id IN (?) AND users_groups.group_ids IN (?)', roles_ids, group_ids).order('users.updated_at DESC')
   end

app/models/user/has_ticket_create_screen_impact.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-class User
+module User::HasTicketCreateScreenImpact
-  module HasTicketCreateScreenImpact
   extend ActiveSupport::Concern
 
   def push_ticket_create_screen?
@@ -12,5 +11,4 @@ class User
 
     permissions?('ticket.agent')
   end
-  end
 end

bin/setup

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
 require 'fileutils'
-include FileUtils # rubocop:disable Style/MixinUsage
 
 # path to your application root.
 APP_ROOT = File.expand_path('..', __dir__)
@@ -11,24 +10,25 @@ def system!(*args)
   system(*args) || abort("\n== Command #{args} failed ==")
 end
 
-chdir APP_ROOT do
+FileUtils.chdir APP_ROOT do
-  # This script is a starting point to setup your application.
+  # This script is a way to setup or update your development environment automatically.
+  # This script is idempotent, so that you can run it at anytime and get an expectable outcome.
   # Add necessary setup steps to this file.
 
   puts '== Installing dependencies =='
   system! 'gem install bundler --conservative'
   system('bundle check') || system!('bundle install')
 
-  # Install JavaScript dependencies if using Yarn
+  # Install JavaScript dependencies
   # system('bin/yarn')
 
   # puts "\n== Copying sample files =="
   # unless File.exist?('config/database.yml')
-  #   cp 'config/database.yml.sample', 'config/database.yml'
+  #   FileUtils.cp 'config/database.yml.sample', 'config/database.yml'
   # end
 
   puts "\n== Preparing database =="
-  system! 'bin/rails db:setup'
+  system! 'bin/rails db:prepare'
 
   puts "\n== Removing old logs and tempfiles =="
   system! 'bin/rails log:clear tmp:clear'

bin/yarn

@@ -3,9 +3,11 @@
 
 APP_ROOT = File.expand_path('..', __dir__)
 Dir.chdir(APP_ROOT) do
-  exec 'yarnpkg', *ARGV
+  begin
-rescue Errno::ENOENT
+    exec "yarnpkg", *ARGV
-  warn 'Yarn executable was not detected in the system.'
+  rescue Errno::ENOENT
-  warn 'Download Yarn at https://yarnpkg.com/en/docs/install'
+    $stderr.puts "Yarn executable was not detected in the system."
+    $stderr.puts "Download Yarn at https://yarnpkg.com/en/docs/install"
     exit 1
+  end
 end

config/application.rb

@@ -15,13 +15,26 @@ Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)
 module Zammad
   class Application < Rails::Application
     # Initialize configuration defaults for originally generated Rails version.
-    config.load_defaults 5.2
+    config.load_defaults 6.0
+
+    Rails.autoloaders.each do |autoloader|
+      autoloader.do_not_eager_load "#{config.root}/lib/core_ext"
+      autoloader.collapse          "#{config.root}/lib/omniauth"
+      autoloader.inflector.inflect(
+        'github_database' => 'GithubDatabase',
+        'otrs'            => 'OTRS',
+        'db'              => 'DB',
+      )
+    end
 
     # Settings in config/environments/* take precedence over those specified here.
-    # Application configuration should go into files in config/initializers
+    # Application configuration can go into files in config/initializers
-    # -- all .rb files in that directory are automatically loaded.
+    # -- all .rb files in that directory are automatically loaded after loading
+
+    # the framework and any gems in your application.
 
     # Custom directories with classes and modules you want to be autoloadable.
+    config.add_autoload_paths_to_load_path = false
     config.autoload_paths   += %W[#{config.root}/lib]
     config.eager_load_paths += %W[#{config.root}/lib]
 
@@ -36,6 +49,9 @@ module Zammad
     # define cache store
     config.cache_store = :zammad_file_store, Rails.root.join('tmp', "cache_file_store_#{Rails.env}"), { expires_in: 7.days }
 
+    # Rails 6.1 returns false when the enqueuing is aborted.
+    config.active_job.return_false_on_aborted_enqueue = true
+
     # default preferences by permission
     config.preferences_default_by_permission = {
       'ticket.agent' => {

config/cable.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+development:
+  adapter: async
+
+test:
+  adapter: test
+
+production:
+  adapter: redis
+  url: <%= ENV.fetch("REDIS_URL") { "redis://localhost:6379/1" } %>
+  channel_prefix: zammad_production

config/environments/development.rb

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ Rails.application.configure do
   # Run rails dev:cache to toggle caching.
   if Rails.root.join('tmp/caching-dev.txt').exist?
     config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+    # config.action_controller.enable_fragment_cache_logging = true
 
     config.public_file_server.headers = {
       'Cache-Control' => "public, max-age=#{2.days.to_i}"
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ Rails.application.configure do
     config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
   end
 
-  # Store uploaded files on the local file system (see config/storage.yml for options)
+  # Store uploaded files on the local file system (see config/storage.yml for options).
   # config.active_storage.service = :local
 
   # Don't care if the mailer can't send.
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ Rails.application.configure do
   # Suppress logger output for asset requests.
   config.assets.quiet = true
 
-  # Raises error for missing translations
+  # Raises error for missing translations.
   # config.action_view.raise_on_missing_translations = true
 
   # Use an evented file watcher to asynchronously detect changes in source code,
@@ -69,4 +70,8 @@ Rails.application.configure do
 
   # Raises error for missing translations
   # config.action_view.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+
+  # TODO: New in Rails 6
+  # See https://www.fngtps.com/2019/rails6-blocked-host/
+  config.hosts.clear
 end

config/environments/production.rb

@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ Rails.application.configure do
   # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = 'X-Sendfile' # for Apache
   # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = 'X-Accel-Redirect' # for NGINX
 
-  # Store uploaded files on the local file system (see config/storage.yml for options)
+  # Store uploaded files on the local file system (see config/storage.yml for options).
   # config.active_storage.service = :local
 
-  # Mount Action Cable outside main process or domain
+  # Mount Action Cable outside main process or domain.
   # config.action_cable.mount_path = nil
   # config.action_cable.url = 'wss://example.com/cable'
   # config.action_cable.allowed_request_origins = [ 'http://example.com', /http:\/\/example.*/ ]
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ Rails.application.configure do
   # Use a different cache store in production.
   # config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store
 
-  # Use a real queuing backend for Active Job (and separate queues per environment)
+  # Use a real queuing backend for Active Job (and separate queues per environment).
   # config.active_job.queue_adapter     = :resque
   # config.active_job.queue_name_prefix = "zammad_#{Rails.env}"
 

config/environments/test.rb

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Rails.application.configure do
   # Disable request forgery protection in test environment.
   config.action_controller.allow_forgery_protection = false
 
-  # Store uploaded files on the local file system in a temporary directory
+  # Store uploaded files on the local file system in a temporary directory.
   # config.active_storage.service = :test
 
   config.action_mailer.perform_caching = false
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Rails.application.configure do
   # Print deprecation notices to the stderr.
   config.active_support.deprecation = :stderr
 
-  # Raises error for missing translations
+  # Raises error for missing translations.
   # config.action_view.raise_on_missing_translations = true
 
   # Enable autoload

config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 #   policy.object_src  :none
 #   policy.script_src  :self, :https
 #   policy.style_src   :self, :https
+#   # If you are using webpack-dev-server then specify webpack-dev-server host
+#   policy.connect_src :self, :https, "http://localhost:3035", "ws://localhost:3035" if Rails.env.development?
 
 #   # Specify URI for violation reports
 #   # policy.report_uri "/csp-violation-report-endpoint"
@@ -43,6 +45,9 @@ end
 # If you are using UJS then enable automatic nonce generation
 Rails.application.config.content_security_policy_nonce_generator = ->(_request) { SecureRandom.base64(16) }
 
+# Set the nonce only to specific directives
+Rails.application.config.content_security_policy_nonce_directives = %w[script-src]
+
 # Report CSP violations to a specified URI
 # For further information see the following documentation:
 # https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only

config/initializers/db_preflight_check.rb

@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@
 # Rails' constant auto-loading resolves to 'rails/initializable' instead
 require_dependency 'zammad/application/initializer/db_preflight_check'
 
-Zammad::Application::Initializer::DBPreflightCheck.perform
+Zammad::Application::Initializer::DbPreflightCheck.perform

config/initializers/new_framework_defaults_6_0.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
+
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+#
+# This file contains migration options to ease your Rails 6.0 upgrade.
+#
+# Once upgraded flip defaults one by one to migrate to the new default.
+#
+# Read the Guide for Upgrading Ruby on Rails for more info on each option.
+
+# Don't force requests from old versions of IE to be UTF-8 encoded.
+# Rails.application.config.action_view.default_enforce_utf8 = false
+
+# Embed purpose and expiry metadata inside signed and encrypted
+# cookies for increased security.
+#
+# This option is not backwards compatible with earlier Rails versions.
+# It's best enabled when your entire app is migrated and stable on 6.0.
+# Rails.application.config.action_dispatch.use_cookies_with_metadata = true
+
+# Change the return value of `ActionDispatch::Response#content_type` to Content-Type header without modification.
+# Rails.application.config.action_dispatch.return_only_media_type_on_content_type = false
+
+# Return false instead of self when enqueuing is aborted from a callback.
+# Rails.application.config.active_job.return_false_on_aborted_enqueue = true
+
+# Send Active Storage analysis and purge jobs to dedicated queues.
+# Rails.application.config.active_storage.queues.analysis = :active_storage_analysis
+# Rails.application.config.active_storage.queues.purge    = :active_storage_purge
+
+# When assigning to a collection of attachments declared via `has_many_attached`, replace existing
+# attachments instead of appending. Use #attach to add new attachments without replacing existing ones.
+# Rails.application.config.active_storage.replace_on_assign_to_many = true
+
+# Use ActionMailer::MailDeliveryJob for sending parameterized and normal mail.
+#
+# The default delivery jobs (ActionMailer::Parameterized::DeliveryJob, ActionMailer::DeliveryJob),
+# will be removed in Rails 6.1. This setting is not backwards compatible with earlier Rails versions.
+# If you send mail in the background, job workers need to have a copy of
+# MailDeliveryJob to ensure all delivery jobs are processed properly.
+# Make sure your entire app is migrated and stable on 6.0 before using this setting.
+# Rails.application.config.action_mailer.delivery_job = "ActionMailer::MailDeliveryJob"
+
+# Enable the same cache key to be reused when the object being cached of type
+# `ActiveRecord::Relation` changes by moving the volatile information (max updated at and count)
+# of the relation's cache key into the cache version to support recycling cache key.
+# Rails.application.config.active_record.collection_cache_versioning = true

config/initializers/workaround_active_job_logging.rb

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
-
-# This is a workaround because `ActiveSupport::Subscriber` supports only `attach_to` but not `detach_from` in Rails 5.2.
-# `detach_from` was added with Rails 6.0: https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/ca19b7f5d86aa590077766cbe8006f952b6d4296
-# Once Rails 6.0 is used `ActiveJob::Logging::LogSubscriber.detach_from :active_job` needs to be added to `app/jobs/application_job.rb` instead.
-ActiveSupport.on_load(:active_job) do
-
-  # gather all `ActiveJob::Logging::LogSubscriber` event subscribers
-  subscribers = ActiveSupport::Notifications.notifier.instance_variable_get(:@subscribers).select do |subscriber|
-    subscriber.instance_variable_get(:@delegate).instance_of?(ActiveJob::Logging::LogSubscriber)
-  end
-
-  # remove gathered event subscribers in a dedicated step to not work on iterating array
-  subscribers.each do |subscriber|
-    ActiveSupport::Notifications.notifier.unsubscribe(subscriber)
-  end
-
-  # remove whole `ActiveJob::Logging::LogSubscriber` subscriber reference
-  ActiveSupport::Subscriber.subscribers.delete_if { |subscriber| subscriber.instance_of?(ActiveJob::Logging::LogSubscriber) }
-end

config/locales/en.yml

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 #   'true': 'foo'
 #
 # To learn more, please read the Rails Internationalization guide
-# available at http://guides.rubyonrails.org/i18n.html.
+# available at https://guides.rubyonrails.org/i18n.html.
 
 en:
   hello: "Hello world"

config/routes.rb

@@ -2,13 +2,15 @@
 
 Rails.application.routes.draw do
 
+  # For details on the DSL available within this file, see https://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html
+
   # app init
   match '/init', to: 'init#index', via: :get
   match '/app',  to: 'init#index', via: :get
 
   # just remember to delete public/index.html.
   root to: 'init#index', via: :get
-  root to: 'errors#routing', via: %i[post put delete options]
+  root to: 'errors#routing', via: %i[post put delete options], as: nil
 
   # load routes from external files
   dir = File.expand_path(__dir__)

config/spring.rb

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-%w[
+Spring.watch(
-  .ruby-version
+  '.ruby-version',
-  .rbenv-vars
+  '.rbenv-vars',
-  tmp/restart.txt
+  'tmp/restart.txt',
-  tmp/caching-dev.txt
+  'tmp/caching-dev.txt',
-].each { |path| Spring.watch(path) }
+)
 
 module Spring
   module Commands

config/storage.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+test:
+  service: Disk
+  root: <%= Rails.root.join("tmp/storage") %>
+
+local:
+  service: Disk
+  root: <%= Rails.root.join("storage") %>
+
+# Use rails credentials:edit to set the AWS secrets (as aws:access_key_id|secret_access_key)
+# amazon:
+#   service: S3
+#   access_key_id: <%= Rails.application.credentials.dig(:aws, :access_key_id) %>
+#   secret_access_key: <%= Rails.application.credentials.dig(:aws, :secret_access_key) %>
+#   region: us-east-1
+#   bucket: your_own_bucket
+
+# Remember not to checkin your GCS keyfile to a repository
+# google:
+#   service: GCS
+#   project: your_project
+#   credentials: <%= Rails.root.join("path/to/gcs.keyfile") %>
+#   bucket: your_own_bucket
+
+# Use rails credentials:edit to set the Azure Storage secret (as azure_storage:storage_access_key)
+# microsoft:
+#   service: AzureStorage
+#   storage_account_name: your_account_name
+#   storage_access_key: <%= Rails.application.credentials.dig(:azure_storage, :storage_access_key) %>
+#   container: your_container_name
+
+# mirror:
+#   service: Mirror
+#   primary: local
+#   mirrors: [ amazon, google, microsoft ]

db/migrate/20191017122807_add_foreign_key_constraint_to_active_storage_attachments_for_blob_id.active_storage.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
+
+# This migration comes from active_storage (originally 20180723000244)
+class AddForeignKeyConstraintToActiveStorageAttachmentsForBlobId < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.0]
+  def up
+    return if foreign_key_exists?(:active_storage_attachments, column: :blob_id)
+
+    return if !table_exists?(:active_storage_blobs)
+
+    add_foreign_key :active_storage_attachments, :active_storage_blobs, column: :blob_id
+  end
+end

lib/assets_set.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'assets_set/proxy'
-
 # The name AssetsSet combines the Assets term in Zammad with the Set class from the Ruby StdLib.
 # Zammad Assets serve the purpose to limit requests to the REST API. For a requested object all
 # related and relevant objects are collected recursively and then send to the client in one go.

lib/auth/ldap.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'ldap'
-require_dependency 'ldap/user'
-
 class Auth
   class Ldap < Auth::Base
 

lib/core_ext/active_record/calculations/pluck_as_hash.rb

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
     def pluck_as_hash(*column_names)
       column_names.flatten! # flatten args in case array was given
 
-      klass.enforce_raw_sql_whitelist(column_names) # keep up deprection as in #pluck to ensure smooth Rails 6 transition
+      klass.disallow_raw_sql!(column_names) # validate parameters as in #pluck
 
       pluck(*arel_columns(column_names))
         .map { |elem| pluck_as_hash_map(column_names, elem) }

lib/core_ext/kernel.rb

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# rubocop:disable Naming/FileName
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
 if Kernel.respond_to?(:open_uri_original_open)
@@ -20,4 +19,3 @@ if Kernel.respond_to?(:open_uri_original_open)
     end
   end
 end
-# rubocop:enable Naming/FileName

lib/email_helper/probe.rb

@@ -227,8 +227,6 @@ returns on fail
       # connection test
       result_inbound = {}
       begin
-        require_dependency "channel/driver/#{adapter.to_filename}"
-
         driver_class    = "Channel::Driver::#{adapter.to_classname}".constantize
         driver_instance = driver_class.new
         result_inbound  = driver_instance.fetch(params[:options], nil, 'check')
@@ -330,8 +328,6 @@ returns on fail
 
       # test connection
       begin
-        require_dependency "channel/driver/#{adapter.to_filename}"
-
         driver_class    = "Channel::Driver::#{adapter.to_classname}".constantize
         driver_instance = driver_class.new
         driver_instance.send(

lib/email_helper/verify.rb

@@ -82,8 +82,6 @@ or
         fetch_result = nil
 
         begin
-          require_dependency "channel/driver/#{adapter.to_filename}"
-
           driver_class    = "Channel::Driver::#{adapter.to_classname}".constantize
           driver_instance = driver_class.new
           fetch_result    = driver_instance.fetch(params[:inbound][:options], self, 'verify', subject)

lib/excel_sheet/ticket.rb

@@ -57,7 +57,9 @@ class ExcelSheet::Ticket < ExcelSheet
         object_lookup: ObjectLookup.lookup(name: 'Ticket')
       )
       .where.not(
-        name:    header.pluck(:name),
+        name:    header.pluck(:name)
+      )
+      .where.not(
         display: header.pluck(:display)
       )
       .pluck_as_hash(:name, :display, :data_type, :data_option)

lib/fill_db.rb

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
 # rubocop:disable Rails/Output
-module FillDB
+module FillDb
 
 =begin
 
 fill your database with demo records
 
-  FillDB.load(
+  FillDb.load(
     agents: 50,
     customers: 1000,
     groups: 20,
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@ fill your database with demo records
 
 or if you only want to create 100 tickets
 
-  FillDB.load(tickets: 100)
+  FillDb.load(tickets: 100)
-  FillDB.load(agents: 20)
+  FillDb.load(agents: 20)
-  FillDB.load(overviews: 20)
+  FillDb.load(overviews: 20)
-  FillDB.load(tickets: 10000)
+  FillDb.load(tickets: 10000)
 
 =end
 

lib/import/exchange/folder.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'mixin/rails_logger'
-
 module Import
   class Exchange
     class Folder

lib/import/ldap.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'ldap'
-require_dependency 'ldap/group'
-
 module Import
   class Ldap < Import::IntegrationBase
     include Import::Mixin::Sequence

lib/import/otrs.rb

@@ -1,28 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-# Rails autoload has some issues with same namend sub-classes
-# in the importer folder require AND simultaniuos requiring
-# of the same file in different threads so we need to
-# require them ourself
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/ticket'
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/ticket_factory'
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/article_customer'
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/article_customer_factory'
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/article'
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/article_factory'
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/article/attachment_factory'
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/history'
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/history_factory'
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/history/article'
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/history/move'
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/history/new_ticket'
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/history/priority_update'
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/history/state_update'
-require_dependency 'store'
-require_dependency 'store/object'
-require_dependency 'store/provider/db'
-require_dependency 'store/provider/file'
-
 module Import
   module OTRS
     extend Import::Helper

lib/import/otrs/dynamic_field/date.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-# this require is required (hehe) because of Rails autoloading
-# which causes strange behavior not inheriting correctly
-# from Import::OTRS::DynamicField
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/dynamic_field'
-
 module Import
   module OTRS
     class DynamicField

lib/import/otrs/dynamic_field/date_time.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-# this require is required (hehe) because of Rails autoloading
-# which causes strange behavior not inheriting correctly
-# from Import::OTRS::DynamicField
-require_dependency 'import/otrs/dynamic_field'
-
 module Import
   module OTRS
     class DynamicField

lib/import/otrs/ticket.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'ticket'
-
 module Import
   module OTRS
     class Ticket

lib/import/zendesk/object_attribute/checkbox.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-# this require is required (hehe) because of Rails autoloading
-# which causes strange behavior not inheriting correctly
-# from Import::OTRS::DynamicField
-require_dependency 'import/zendesk/object_attribute/base'
-
 module Import
   class Zendesk
     module ObjectAttribute

lib/import/zendesk/object_attribute/date.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-# this require is required (hehe) because of Rails autoloading
-# which causes strange behavior not inheriting correctly
-# from Import::OTRS::DynamicField
-require_dependency 'import/zendesk/object_attribute/base'
-
 module Import
   class Zendesk
     module ObjectAttribute

lib/import/zendesk/object_attribute/integer.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-# this require is required (hehe) because of Rails autoloading
-# which causes strange behavior not inheriting correctly
-# from Import::OTRS::DynamicField
-require_dependency 'import/zendesk/object_attribute/base'
-
 module Import
   class Zendesk
     module ObjectAttribute

lib/import/zendesk/object_attribute/regexp.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-# this require is required (hehe) because of Rails autoloading
-# which causes strange behavior not inheriting correctly
-# from Import::OTRS::DynamicField
-require_dependency 'import/zendesk/object_attribute/base'
-
 module Import
   class Zendesk
     module ObjectAttribute

lib/import/zendesk/object_attribute/select.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-# this require is required (hehe) because of Rails autoloading
-# which causes strange behavior not inheriting correctly
-# from Import::OTRS::DynamicField
-require_dependency 'import/zendesk/object_attribute/base'
-
 module Import
   class Zendesk
     module ObjectAttribute

lib/import/zendesk/object_attribute/text.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-# this require is required (hehe) because of Rails autoloading
-# which causes strange behavior not inheriting correctly
-# from Import::OTRS::DynamicField
-require_dependency 'import/zendesk/object_attribute/base'
-
 module Import
   class Zendesk
     module ObjectAttribute

lib/import/zendesk/object_attribute/textarea.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-# this require is required (hehe) because of Rails autoloading
-# which causes strange behavior not inheriting correctly
-# from Import::OTRS::DynamicField
-require_dependency 'import/zendesk/object_attribute/base'
-
 module Import
   class Zendesk
     module ObjectAttribute

lib/ldap.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'net/ldap'
-require_dependency 'net/ldap/entry'
-
 # Class for establishing LDAP connections. A wrapper around Net::LDAP needed for Auth and Sync.
 # ATTENTION: Loads custom 'net/ldap/entry' from 'lib/core_ext' which extends the Net::LDAP::Entry class.
 #

lib/ldap/group.rb

@@ -3,13 +3,6 @@
 class Ldap
 
   # Class for handling LDAP Groups.
-  #  ATTENTION: Make sure to add the following lines to your code if accessing this class.
-  #  Otherwise Rails will autoload the Group model or might throw parameter errors if crearing
-  #  an ::Ldap instance.
-  #
-  # @example
-  #  require_dependency 'ldap'
-  #  require_dependency 'ldap/group'
   class Group
     include Ldap::FilterLookup
 
@@ -31,8 +24,6 @@ class Ldap
     # @param ldap [Ldap] An optional existing Ldap class instance. Default is a new connection with given configuration.
     #
     # @example
-    #  require_dependency 'ldap'
-    #  require_dependency 'ldap/group'
     #  ldap_group = Ldap::Group.new
     #
     # @return [nil]

lib/ldap/user.rb

@@ -3,13 +3,6 @@
 class Ldap
 
   # Class for handling LDAP Groups.
-  #  ATTENTION: Make sure to add the following lines to your code if accessing this class.
-  #  Otherwise Rails will autoload the Group model or might throw parameter errors if crearing
-  #  an ::Ldap instance.
-  #
-  # @example
-  #  require_dependency 'ldap'
-  #  require_dependency 'ldap/user'
   class User
     include Ldap::FilterLookup
 
@@ -79,8 +72,6 @@ class Ldap
     # @param ldap [Ldap] An optional existing Ldap class instance. Default is a new connection with given configuration.
     #
     # @example
-    #  require_dependency 'ldap'
-    #  require_dependency 'ldap/user'
     #  ldap_user = Ldap::User.new
     #
     # @return [nil]

lib/mixin/required_sub_paths.rb

@@ -9,18 +9,10 @@ module Mixin
       eager_load_recursive(sub_path)
     end
 
-    # Loads a directory recursively.
+    # Loads a directory recursively. This can be needed when accessing
-    # The specialty of this method is that it will first load all
+    #   modules not directly via .constantize on a known string, but dynamically
-    # files in a directory and then start with the sub directories.
+    #   via the inheritance tree, e.g. via .descendants (which assumes they have
-    # This is needed since otherwise some parent namespaces might not
+    #   previously been loaded).
-    # be initialized yet.
-    #
-    # The cause of this is that Rails autoload doesn't work properly
-    # for same named classes or modules in different namespaces.
-    # Here is a good description how autoload works:
-    # http://urbanautomaton.com/blog/2013/08/27/rails-autoloading-hell/
-    #
-    # This avoids a) Rails autoloading issues and b) require '...' workarounds
     def self.eager_load_recursive(path)
 
       excluded  = ['.', '..']

lib/search_index_backend.rb

@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ remove whole data from index
     query_data = build_query(condition, options)
 
     if (fields = options.dig(:highlight_fields_by_indexes, index.to_sym))
-      fields_for_highlight = fields.each_with_object({}) { |elem, memo| memo[elem] = {} }
+      fields_for_highlight = fields.index_with { |_elem| {} }
 
       query_data[:highlight] = { fields: fields_for_highlight }
     end

lib/sequencer.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'mixin/rails_logger'
-require_dependency 'mixin/start_finish_logger'
-
 class Sequencer
   include ::Mixin::RailsLogger
   include ::Mixin::StartFinishLogger

lib/sequencer/sequence.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'sequencer/mixin/prefixed_constantize'
-
 class Sequencer
   class Sequence
-    include ::Mixin::RequiredSubPaths
     extend ::Sequencer::Mixin::PrefixedConstantize
 
     PREFIX = 'Sequencer::Sequence::'.freeze

lib/sequencer/sequence/import/zendesk/ticket.rb

@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@ class Sequencer
           def self.sequence
             [
               'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::Skip::Deleted',
-              'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::UserID',
+              'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::UserId',
-              'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::OwnerID',
+              'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::OwnerId',
-              'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::GroupID',
+              'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::GroupId',
-              'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::OrganizationID',
+              'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::OrganizationId',
-              'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::PriorityID',
+              'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::PriorityId',
-              'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::StateID',
+              'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::StateId',
-              'Import::Zendesk::Common::ArticleSenderID',
+              'Import::Zendesk::Common::ArticleSenderId',
-              'Import::Zendesk::Common::ArticleTypeID',
+              'Import::Zendesk::Common::ArticleTypeId',
               'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::Subject',
               'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::CustomFields',
               'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::Mapping',

lib/sequencer/sequence/import/zendesk/ticket/comment.rb

@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ class Sequencer
 
             def self.sequence
               [
-                'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::Comment::UserID',
+                'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::Comment::UserId',
-                'Import::Zendesk::Common::ArticleSenderID',
+                'Import::Zendesk::Common::ArticleSenderId',
-                'Import::Zendesk::Common::ArticleTypeID',
+                'Import::Zendesk::Common::ArticleTypeId',
                 'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::Comment::From',
                 'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::Comment::To',
                 'Import::Zendesk::Ticket::Comment::Mapping',

lib/sequencer/sequence/import/zendesk/user.rb

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class Sequencer
               'Import::Zendesk::User::Login',
               'Import::Zendesk::User::Password',
               'Import::Zendesk::User::ImageSource',
-              'Import::Zendesk::User::OrganizationID',
+              'Import::Zendesk::User::OrganizationId',
               'Common::ModelClass::User',
               'Import::Zendesk::User::Mapping',
               'Import::Zendesk::User::CustomFields',

lib/sequencer/state.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'mixin/rails_logger'
-require_dependency 'mixin/start_finish_logger'
-
 class Sequencer
   class State
     include ::Mixin::RailsLogger
@@ -166,7 +163,7 @@ class Sequencer
     #
     # @return [Hash{Symbol => Object}]
     def to_h
-      available.map { |identifier| [identifier, @values[identifier]] }.to_h
+      available.index_with { |identifier| @values[identifier] }
     end
 
     private

lib/sequencer/unit.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'sequencer/mixin/prefixed_constantize'
-
 class Sequencer
   class Unit
-    include ::Mixin::RequiredSubPaths
     extend ::Sequencer::Mixin::PrefixedConstantize
 
     PREFIX = 'Sequencer::Unit::'.freeze

lib/sequencer/unit/base.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'mixin/rails_logger'
-
 class Sequencer
   class Unit
     class Base

lib/sequencer/unit/import/common/model/associations/assign.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'sequencer/unit/import/common/model/mixin/handle_failure'
-
 class Sequencer
   class Unit
     module Import

lib/sequencer/unit/import/common/model/save.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'sequencer/unit/import/common/model/mixin/handle_failure'
-
 class Sequencer
   class Unit
     module Import

lib/sequencer/unit/import/common/model/skip/blank/base.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'sequencer/unit/common/mixin/dynamic_attribute'
-require_dependency 'sequencer/unit/import/common/model/mixin/log/context_identification_string'
-
 # This unit checks if an Sequencer state attribute (e.g. `mapped`) is blank.
 # Don't confuse it with e.g. 'Import::Common::Model::Skip::MissingMandatory::Base' which checks if an attribute key (e.g. mapped[:some_key]) is blank/missing.
 class Sequencer

lib/sequencer/unit/import/common/model/skip/missing_mandatory/base.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'sequencer/unit/common/mixin/dynamic_attribute'
-require_dependency 'sequencer/unit/import/common/model/mixin/log/context_identification_string'
-
 class Sequencer
   class Unit
     module Import

lib/sequencer/unit/import/common/model/statistics/diff/custom_key.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'sequencer/unit/import/common/model/statistics/mixin/action_diff'
 class Sequencer
   class Unit
     module Import

lib/sequencer/unit/import/common/model/statistics/diff/model_key.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'sequencer/unit/import/common/model/statistics/mixin/action_diff'
-
 class Sequencer
   class Unit
     module Import

lib/sequencer/unit/import/common/model/statistics/diff/top_level.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'sequencer/unit/import/common/model/statistics/mixin/common'
-
 class Sequencer
   class Unit
     module Import

lib/sequencer/unit/import/common/model/statistics/mixin/action_diff.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'sequencer/unit/import/common/model/statistics/mixin/common'
-
 class Sequencer
   class Unit
     module Import

lib/sequencer/unit/import/common/model/statistics/mixin/common.rb

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class Sequencer
                 end
 
                 def empty_diff
-                  possible_actions.collect { |key| [key, 0] }.to_h
+                  possible_actions.index_with { |_key| 0 }
                 end
 
                 def possible_actions

lib/sequencer/unit/import/common/model/statistics/mixin/empty_diff.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'sequencer/unit/import/common/model/statistics/mixin/common'
-
 class Sequencer
   class Unit
     module Import

lib/sequencer/unit/import/freshdesk/agents/groups_permissions.rb

@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ class Sequencer
 
             def group_ids_access_map
               @group_ids_access_map ||= begin
-                ::Group.all.pluck(:id).each_with_object({}) do |group_id, result|
+                ::Group.all.pluck(:id).index_with do
-                  result[group_id] = 'full'.freeze
+                  'full'.freeze
                 end
               end
             end

lib/sequencer/unit/import/ldap/user/statistics/diff.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'sequencer/unit/import/common/model/statistics/mixin/action_diff'
-
 class Sequencer
   class Unit
     module Import

lib/sequencer/unit/import/ldap/users/dry_run/payload.rb

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ class Sequencer
     module Import
       module Ldap
         module Users
-          class DryRun
+          module DryRun
             class Payload < Sequencer::Unit::Import::Common::ImportJob::Payload::ToAttribute
               provides :ldap_config
             end

lib/sequencer/unit/import/ldap/users/lost/statistics_diff.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2012-2021 Zammad Foundation, http://zammad-foundation.org/
 
-require_dependency 'sequencer/unit/import/common/model/statistics/mixin/empty_diff'
-
 class Sequencer
   class Unit
     module Import